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DOL and IRS Unite to Battle Misclassifying Workers

Posted by National Alliance for Fair Contracting on

Jan. 12, 2023 | David Sparkman

Agreement follows similar arrangements between other federal agencies.

In mid-December 2022, the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) published an updated Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) for employment tax referrals that arise from investigations of workers’ possible employment misclassifications.

This agreement follows a pattern of similar partnerships entered into by other federal agencies during the Biden Administration that also have been crafted specifically to deal with the classification issue.

“We are determined to identify and resolve labor violations by employers who benefit by misclassifying employees as independent contractors and deprive them of the protections of the labor standards laws we enforce,” said Jessica Looman, principal deputy wage and hour administrator.

In 2011, DOL’s Wage and Hour Division (WHD) and the IRS first entered into a similar MOU to allow both agencies to use their resources to promote employer compliance with obligations to pay employee’ and related employment taxes.

The new MOU explains that the two agencies will establish a methodology for exchanging investigative leads, complaints and referrals of possible violations “to the extent allowable by law and policy.” However, the agencies assert that the terms of the MOU do not provide for any exchange of federal tax information.

The memo explains that the collaboration will enable both agencies to leverage existing resources and promote employer compliance with obligations to properly pay their employees and to pay all applicable employment taxes.

Although concerns over misclassification have been around for decades, the primary target has most often centered around independent contractors, such as trucking owner-operators. Concerns at the state level have included the failure of contractors to pay for workers’ compensation insurance and unemployment taxes. The focus has been expanded in recent years to include all sorts of freelancers and gig workers, such as computer programmers, and also has been a long-term issue for the nation’s labor unions who are prohibited by law from organizing independent contractors.

A new set of criteria that eliminates most of those workers who previously were able to legally claim independent contractor status was enacted in a California law and is being emulated by other states. The California approach also is contained in legislation that was introduced by Democrats in Congress as soon as President Biden was sworn in but has yet to make much headway.

Before the DOL-IRS announcement took place, the most recent similar agreement between federal agencies was forged between the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) regarding gig workers. That MOU is aimed at addressing a number of other labor law issues in addition to workers’ misclassification, such as noncompete and nondisclosure provisions that may be included in worker contracts.

The new DOL-IRS agreement states that the “collaboration will enable both agencies to leverage existing resources and promote employer compliance with obligations to properly pay employees and to pay employment taxes. This multi-agency approach presents a united compliance front to employers and their representatives.”

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Treasury, IRS Release Guidance on Wage and Apprenticeship Requirements, Commenced Construction Standard

Posted by National Alliance for Fair Contracting on

JD Supra | December 5, 2022

On Nov. 29, the Treasury Department (Treasury) and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) published Notice 2022-61, Prevailing Wage and Apprenticeship Initial Guidance under Section 45(b)(6)(B)(ii) and Other Substantially Similar Provisions (Notice). The Notice provides initial guidance on the prevailing wage and apprenticeship requirements taxpayers must satisfy to qualify for increased energy credits or deduction amounts enacted in the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) (P.L. 117-169).

The prevailing wage and apprenticeship requirements apply to the following tax incentives:

  • Advanced Energy Project Credit (§ 48C)
  • Alternative Fuel Refueling Property Credit (§ 30C)
  • Credit for Carbon Oxide Sequestration (§ 45Q)
  • Clean Fuel Production Credit (§ 45Z)
  • Credit for Production of Clean Hydrogen (§ 45V)
  • Renewable Energy Production Tax Credit (§ 45, § 45Y)
  • Renewable Energy Investment Tax Credit (§ 48, § 48E)
  • Energy Efficient Commercial Buildings Deduction (§ 179D)

The prevailing wage requirements also apply to the following tax incentives:

  • New Energy Efficient Home Credit (§ 45L)
  • Zero-Emission Nuclear Power Production Credit (§ 45U)

Under the statute, prevailing wage and apprenticeship requirements apply to qualifying facilities that begin construction 60 days or more after the Treasury and IRS publish guidance. This Notice starts the clock on the statutory 60-day period, meaning the requirements will be in effect for facilities that begin construction on or after Jan. 29, 2023. For facilities the construction of which begins prior to that date, the increased credit amount applies without regard to these labor requirements.

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IRS Requests Comments on Various Aspects of Energy Tax Credits

Posted by National Alliance for Fair Contracting on

JD Supra | Oct. 6, 2022

On October 5, 2022, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) issued six notices requesting comments on various aspects of extensions and enhancements of energy tax benefits in the Inflation Reduction Act. Here is list of, and links to, the notices.

  • Notice 2022-46 requests comments on credits for clean vehicles.
  • Notice 2022-47 requests comments on energy security tax credits for manufacturing.
  • Notice 2022-48 requests comments on incentive provisions for improving the energy efficiency of residential and commercial buildings.
  • Notice 2022-49 requests for comments on certain energy generation incentives.
  • Notice 2022-50 requests comments on elective payment of applicable credits and transfer of certain credits.
  • Notice 2022-51 requests comments on prevailing wage, apprenticeship, domestic content, and energy communities requirements.

Bill aims to better classify California construction workers (CA)

Posted by National Alliance for Fair Contracting on

AUTHOR – Kim Slowey
PUBLISHED – April 2, 2019

Dive Brief:

  • California legislators are considering a new test for contractors to use when deciding if construction workers qualify as independent contractors, according to the San Francisco Chronicle, making the misclassification of workers more difficult.
  • The proposed state law would require employers to use the “ABC” method of determining whether a worker is a legitimate independent contractor or an employee. Under ABC, which was upheld by the California Supreme Court in April 2018, a worker can be classified as an independent contractor if he or she is free from the control and direction of the employer as it relates to the performance of the work; performs work that is normally outside the scope of work of the hiring contractor; and is usually engaged in the same type of work as part of the business. Through the legislation, legislators are seeking to codify the court’s decision.
  • A University of California Berkeley Labor Center study found that construction workers were one of three occupations in California routinely misclassified and not paid employee benefits due to them. Independent contractors, according to UC Berkeley, make up about 26% of the state’s construction workforce.

Dive Insight: 

Three other states – New Jersey, Massachusetts and Connecticut – also use the ABC test in their wage and hour laws, according to a report from the National Employment Law Project, and about half of all states apply it in some form in their unemployment laws. Ten states use it in relation to their labor laws for high-risk sectors like construction.
There are other tests contractors can use to determine whether a worker is an independent contractor, including one from the Internal Revenue Service that considers how the worker is paid, if the relationship with the hiring business is permanent, and whether the individual will achieve a profit or loss as part of his or her operations, among other factors.  
There are still some contractors, however, that leapfrog over the responsibility to classify workers correctly. They often count on not having to pay for things like workers’ compensation coverage, health insurance, federal and payroll taxes, figuring those savings into their bids.

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Worker Classification Update

Posted by National Alliance for Fair Contracting on

J.D.Supra
Labor & Employment Law, Taxation
July 26, 2017

On July 20, 2017, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) issued a reminder for small businesses on the importance of correctly classifying workers as employees or independent contractors. Employers failing to do this correctly may face penalties, including trust fund penalties, from the IRS, which can be assessed not only against the employer but also against officers and directors. Classification is important because an employer must withhold income taxes and pay Social Security, Medicare taxes, and unemployment tax on wages paid to workers who are employees, but independent contractors are instead subject to self-employment tax.

Employers must look at the facts in each situation. The IRS has reminded small businesses to focus on three categories to properly classify workers: (1) behavioral control, (2) financial control, and (3) the relationship of the parties. A worker is properly classified as an employee if the employer exercises significant behavioral and financial control over the worker such as controlling the manner of work by giving the worker instructions or training and providing the worker with the tools necessary to complete the work. Also, if the employer and the worker have a permanent working relationship and the employer provides the worker with benefits such as a pension plan or vacation pay, the worker properly would be classified as an employee. On the other hand, a worker should be treated as an independent contractor if the worker has autonomy on deciding the manner of work and amount of hours to work, works for multiple employers, or does not retain a permanent relationship with the employer. These factors all reflect a 20-factor test established by the IRS in Revenue Ruling 87-41.2

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IRS Hiring Additional Agents, Providing Additional Resources for Misclassification Enforcement

Posted by National Alliance for Fair Contracting on

by Scott Braddock
Wed, 05/25/2016 – 7:53am

The recent announcement by the IRS Commissioner that the agency is moving forward with hiring hundreds of additional agents has sparked a debate about exactly how those new resources should be utilized. Some leaders in the construction industry have told Construction Citizen that if the government has more people on hand to enforce the law, proper classification of workers should be a priority.

Misclassification is the practice of designating an employee as a “1099 worker” or an independent contractor when that person, by law, should be compensated as an employee.

Unscrupulous employers do it as a way of sidestepping payroll taxes, unemployment taxes, and workers’ compensation insurance. Even though there are many legitimate uses of contract labor, abuse of the classification gives cheating companies an ability to submit lower bids for projects, undercutting ethical contractors who follow the letter of the law.

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DOL is Watching: Are You properly Classifying Employees?

Posted by National Alliance for Fair Contracting on

posted on: Wednesday, September 16, 2015

 

Recently, the United States Department of Labor (DOL) issued an Administrator’s Interpretation regarding the classification of independent contractors under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA or Act). Much has been written about this “interpretation.” In review, the interpretation is best understood as an aspirational view based on an administrative belief that all workers should be employees. While DOL’s interpretation is supported by case law, in many cases, the supporting law constitutes minority or aberrational positions. Whether DOL’s position is ultimately sustained by the courts or not, it is important to understand DOL’s enforcement position.

The DOL takes the position that “most workers are employees under the FLSA’s broad definitions.” This pronouncement strongly signals that the DOL will continue to aggressively pursue misclassification claims. The DOL has entered into memoranda of understanding with at least 25 state enforcement agencies, as well as the IRS, in order to bring enforcement actions regarding alleged misclassifications.

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Cheating by Unethical Employers Reaches Crisis Levels While Texas Lawmakers Sit on Their Hands

Posted by National Alliance for Fair Contracting on

by Scott Braddock on Wed, 04/08/2015 – 5:46am

 

Over the years, the Construction Citizen team has put a bright spotlight on the myriad problems caused by worker misclassification. Those difficulties continue to mount while Texas lawmakers do very little about it, much to the frustration of ethical companies that cannot compete with cheaters, many single mothers who are denied child support payments, conservative activists upset about illegal immigration, and workers’ rights advocates who believe in a better standard of living for those who toil in the hot Texas sun.

Worker misclassification is one of the major underlying problems when it comes to fixing all those challenges.

If you’re unfamiliar, worker misclassification is a fancy term for cheating on payroll. That’s why labor activists call it “payroll fraud.” It happens when a boss pretends their worker is an “independent subcontractor” instead of an employee even when, by law, the person should be on the books as an employee. Many employers do this with the goal of avoiding payroll taxes, workers’ compensation coverage, and other benefits and protections in place when there is a true employer-employee relationship. Keep in mind that there are many legitimate uses of contract labor, but the IRS has legal definitions for who is an employee and who is a contractor.

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Hillsboro businessman convicted of tax evasion

Posted by National Alliance for Fair Contracting on

By Brent Weisberg
Published: September 30, 2014, 8:05 am

PORTLAND, Ore. (KOIN 6) – A 53-year-old man was ordered by a federal judge to pay the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) close to $500,000 and spend a year and a half in federal prison after pleading guilty to federal tax evasion.

Stephen Gregory Nagy was the former president of Hillsboro-based S&S Drywall Assemblies. According to the United States Attorney’s Office, Nagy’s company produced drywall services from January 2005 through September 2011.

The IRS assessed the company $481,519 in federal employment taxes, penalties and interest for between June 2009 and September 2010. Nagy met with the IRS and committed to a plan to pay the past due payroll taxes for his company, but investigators said he decided not to comply with the payment play and engaged “in a variety of interrelated fraudulent schemes to evade the payment of the delinquent payroll taxes.”

Investigators learned that he started conducting extensive business transactions in order to hide funds from the IRS. He obtained cash by illegally hiring undocumented workers to work on prevailing wage jobs, paying them a small portion of the prevailing hourly rate and demanding that they kick back the largest part of their wages to him in cash, court documents state. Nagy failed to report the case to the IRS.

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